Sea Otter
*** Management plan for Sea Otters in British Columbia (2014)
SARA Public Registry information on the species.
***Species information by the Hakai Institute “Central Coast Biodiversity” http://www.centralcoastbiodiversity.org/sea-otter-bull-enhydra-lutris.html
July 2016 article on the importance of Kelp and Sea Otters. Includes from James Estes “Our results were eye-opening . . . The difference in annual absorption of atmospheric carbon from kelp photosynthesis between a world with and a world without sea otters is somewhere between 13 and 43 billion kg (13 and 43 teragrams) of carbon.” https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/jul/10/sea-otters-global-warming-trophic-cascades-food-chain-kelp . Source for article appears to be Estes 2016 book Serendipity: An Ecologist's Quest to Understand Nature
2012 report on the role sea otters have in maintaining a healthy marine ecosystem - includes reducing carbon dioxide levels. “Sea otters help combat global warming”.
BC Conservation Data Centre: Conservation Status Report
Information for British Columbia’s population
http://www.marinemammal.org/biology/sea-otter-biology/- North Pacific University's Marine Mammal Research Consortium's fast facts
You Otter Know! My blog on the differences between Sea Otters and River Otters - https://themarinedetective.com/2011/07/17/you-otter-know/
http://www.oceanlink.island.net/workexpaug2004/otters%20and%20oil.html - sea otters and oil
http://www.vanaqua.org/education/aquafacts/seaotters.html - Vancouver Aquarium fast facts
June 2010 article on sea otter research, includes recent population estimate
Video of sea otters holding hands at Vancouver Aquarium. Note that Nayak has since passed away.
Live sea otter camera at the Vancouver Aquarium.
Vancouver Aquarium’s Aquafacts about sea otters.
Article on sea otters by Annie Prud’homme Genereux from NatureWILD
http://www.killerwhale.ca/animals-otter.html - information from Environment Canada 2004
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/anphys/2000/Boehm/Metabolism.html - Sea otter metabolism - note how much they eat per day and why they need to be able to feed often.
http://www.speciesatrisk.gc.ca/search/speciesDetails_e.cfm?SpeciesID=149 - Summary from COSEWIC on sea otters in Canada
http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/species-especes/species/species_seaOtter_e.asp - DFO pages on threats and natural history. Good summary.
Lots of information from the Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre on Sea Otters. Explore the links and don't miss the interactive fun pages and the movie clips!
http://www.pacificwildlife.ca/seaotter.htm - Pacific Wildlife Foundation's facts. Be sure you click all the tabs e.g. "distribution."
http://www.speciesatrisk.gc.ca/search/speciesDetails_e.cfm?SpeciesID=149 - threats to the sea otter
http://web.mala.bc.ca/sc403/Sea_Mammals/page13so.htm - Malaspina University College's fact sheet
http://www.defenders.org/wildlife/new/marine/otters/images/dowil_sea-otter_even-more-final.html - Animation about the threats to sea otters Not a Canadian page
http://www.seaotters.org/Otters/ - American organization "Friends of the Sea Otter" good information about threats, behaviour and it even has vocal samples
http://www.seaotters.org/Otters/index.cfm?DocID=63. Careful with the information about range and population size as this if for otters in America, not in British Columbia. This site has really good information about why oil spills are so bad for sea otters.
http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/bis/marine_mammals.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=32 - lots of detail about identification some information about behaviour and threats. An international webpage.
http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Enhydra_lutris.html Not a Canadian page
http://www.seaotterresearch.org/ - click "sea otters" at the bottom left of the page. Good information on "daily life" and "mating and pups" but, because the population and range information is for California, not British Columbia. Not a Canadian page
http://www.defenders.org/wildlife/new/marine/otters/canada/ - good information on the history of sea otters in British Columbia up to 2003
http://www.marinemammalcenter.org/learning/education/mammalinfo/seaotter.asp - This is an American website so be careful when using it for population estimates in BC and COSEWIC status in your report
http://www.junglewalk.com/frames.asp - type in "sea otter" in the search bar and you will get - many site listings, lots of video footage, even sounds! Not a Canadian page
www.oceanlink.island.net - Bamfield Research Station’s detailed marine biology page search for your species
http://oceanlink.island.net/seaotterstewardship/biology2.html - conservation webpage from Vancouver Island's west coast.
http://www.enature.com/fieldguides/intermediate.asp?curGroupID=5 - Click "marine mammals" and do a search for your animal. Excellent on-line field guides Not a Canadian page
www.racerocks.com/racerock/marmam/mammals.htm and http://www.racerocks.com/racerock/archivemammals.htm - involvement of Lester B. Pearson School in a fantastic marine mammal project. Search the site at http://www.racerocks.com/racerock/web/sitemap.htm
http://netvet.wustl.edu/marine.htm - net vet marine mammals; search links for information that may be relevant to your species Not a Canadian page
www.oceanlink.island.net - Bamfield Research Station’s detailed marine biology page
http://www.vanaqua.org/education/aquafacts/ - Vancouver Aquarium’s web data base of frequently asked questions about marine ecosystems; click "Sea Otters"